Penetrating Trauma of the Pharynx and Esophagus

Pharyngoesophageal injury has high morbidity and mortality despite advances in diagnostics and surgical therapy. It is essential to rapidly identify patients injury to avoid severe sequelae. In this review, the common etiologies of penetrating esophageal injury will be reviewed as well as the initial evaluation and diagnostic techniques. Management of pharyngoesophageal injuries will be discussed including indications for observation, endoscopic management, or open surgical repair.