Surgical treatment of colorectal cancer: five-year historical and epidemiological series of residency Program in General Surgery of the Hospital Regional Alto Vale / SC (Brazil)

Introduction: colorectal carcinoma (CRC) affects around 945 000 people annually worldwide. It has a higher incidence in individuals over 50 years old and is considered neoplasm with good prognosis if diagnosed in early stages. Nearly 98% of all cancers are adenocarcinomas of the large intestine and, although all begin as in situ lesions, they end up evolving into different morphological patterns, showing similarities dependent on the area affected. Objective: This study aims to perform a simple descriptive analysis of the epidemiological profile of patients seen and operated by residency service Upper Valley Regional Hospital / Santa Catarina. Methods: we evaluated retrospectively the pathological reports and hospital records of patients operated for CRC in Upper Valley Regional Hospital / SC, including in the study only cases confirmed as colorectal carcinoma by pathological examination. Results: The study included 98 patients with a mean age of 56.5 (± 31.5) years, and 48 of them (49%) were female. If you got through the history of hospitalization that 62.2% of these were admitted to hospital as the Emergency Room (ER) and the other half the 37.8% outpatient, with the majority of advanced cases in the ER group. Concerning the topography of the tumors studied was observed 63.3% located in the left colon, adenocarcinomas being 91.2%. All poorly differentiated tumors were found in the right colon. The pathological staging of Dukes used in the evaluation of tumors showed that 88.8% of the cases were advanced at diagnosis, and yet, all cases of tumors were located in the left colon and rectum. Conclusion: observed more men affected by CRC, and these are mostly located in the left colon, dominating type moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, Dukes B. The right colon tumors are less differentiated, which can be considered a bad prognostic factor alone. Keywords: Colorectal cancer. Dukes Staging. Upper Valley Regional Hospital/ SC. Introducao: o carcinoma colorretal (CCR) atinge em torno de 945 mil pessoas, anualmente, em todo o mundo. Tem sua incidencia maior nos individuos com mais de 50 anos de idade e e considerada neoplasia de bom prognostico se diagnosticada em estagios iniciais. Praticamente 98% de todas as neoplasias do intestino grosso sao adenocarcinomas e, embora todos comecem como lesoes in situ, eles acabam evoluindo para diversos padroes morfologicos, mostrando similaridades dependente do local acometido. Objetivo: esse trabalho se propoe a realizar uma analise descritiva simples do perfil epidemiologico dos pacientes atendidos e operados pelo servico de residencia medica do Hospital Regional Alto Vale / Santa Catarina. Metodo: foram avaliados retrospectivamente os laudos anatomopatologicos e fichas de internacao dos pacientes operados por CCR no Hospital Regional Alto Vale / SC, incluindo no estudo somente os casos confirmados como carcinoma colorretal por exame anatomopatologico. Resultados: foram incluidos no estudo 98 pacientes, com idade media de 56,5 (± 31,5) anos, sendo 48 deles (49%) do sexo feminino. Obteve-se atraves do historico de internacao que 62,2% destes tiveram como entrada no hospital o pronto socorro (PS) e os outros 37,8% o meio ambulatorial, estando a maioria dos casos avancados no grupo do PS. Referente a topografia dos tumores estudados observou-se 63,3% localizados no colon a esquerda, sendo 91,2% adenocarcinomas. Todos os tumores pouco diferenciados foram encontrados no colon direito. O estadiamento patologico de Dukes utilizado na avaliacao dos tumores mostrou que 88,8% dos casos eram avancados ao diagnostico, e ainda, todos os casos de tumores iniciais estavam localizados no colon esquerdo e reto. Conclusao: se observou mais homens acometidos por CCR, estando estes localizados em sua maioria no colon esquerdo, dominando o tipo adenocarcinoma moderadamente diferenciado, Dukes B. Os tumores menos diferenciados estao mais frequentemente localizados no colon direito.