Acantosis nigricans is associated with risk factors related to cardiovascular disease in Mexican children with obesity

espanolIntroduccion: la mayor prevalencia de obesidad en la poblacion infantil mexicana durante la ultima decada incrementa el riesgo de presentar trastornos metabolicos y enfermedades cardiovasculares a edades cada vez mas tempranas. Objetivo: determinar la asociacion entre Acantosis nigricans (AN) con dislipidemia, hipertension arterial, indice de masa corporal (IMC) y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en ninos con sobrepeso y obesidad. Pacientes y metodos: estudio transversal analitico realizado en dos escuelas publicas de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico donde participaron 300 ninos, de ambos sexos, obteniendose informacion de los antecedentes heredofamiliares y perinatales. Con la exploracion fisica se valoro la presencia o ausencia de AN y presion sanguinea. Se peso y midio a los escolares, se calculo el IMC y se estimo su puntaje Z. Se cuantifico la concentracion serica de glucosa, colesterol, trigliceridos y perfil de lipoproteinas. Resultados: la prevalencia de AN fue 41,7%, al determinar la asociacion entre la AN y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, se identifico una asociacion con el IMC (rS 0.432; p p = 0.0001, no se observo asociacion con la concentracion serica de glucosa (rS -0.018; p = 0,759). En el analisis de regresion logistica se observo que la presencia de AN mostro una asociacion con las menores concentraciones de cHDL (RM: 1.726; p = 0,041) y con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (> 48%) (RM: 3.591; p = 0,001). Conclusion: se observo una alta prevalencia de AN en ninos con sobrepeso u obesidad y su asociacion con factores de riesgo cardiovascular:puntaje Z del IMC, dislipidemia y las cifras tensionales elevadas. EnglishIntroduction: The prevalence of obesity in Mexican children has increased during the last decade, as has the risk of early onset metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Objective: To determine the association of Acantosis nigricans (AN) with dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and risk factors related to eating behavior in overweight and obese children. Patients and methods: This transverse analytical study, conducted in two Mexico City primary schools, included 300 boys and girls. Information was gathered on hereditary and perinatal background. A physical examination provided data on the presence/absence of AN, blood pressure, weight and height. The BMI and Z-score were calculated. The serum concentration of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides was quantified and the lipoprotein profile determined. Results: The prevalence of AN was 41.7%. An association was found between AN and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including BMI (rS 0.432; p 48%) (RM: 3.591; p = 0.001). Conclusion: A high prevalence of AN was found in overweight and obese children. There was an association between AN and risk factors of cardiovascular disease, including Z-score, BMI, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure.