Morbidité et recours aux soins de santé maternelle des femmes de la ville de Marrakech. Relation avec l'exode rural et les facteurs socio-économiques et biodémographiques Morbidity and use of maternal health care among women in the city of Marrakech. Correlations with the rural exodus and with socioeconomic and biodemographic factors

A survey was made in 2008 in the city of Marra- kech among a sample of 1,202 women who had given birth within the previous five years, in order to discern the effects of migration from rural areas on access to maternal health care and on maternal morbidity. The results show significant differences between women born in urban and rural areas, in terms of the frequency of medical consultations and supervi- sed childbirth as well as rates of severe maternal morbidity: women arriving in Marrakech from rural areas, especially married or recently married women, use health care less fre- quently and have a higher rate of severe maternal morbidity. The low rates of maternal health care use and supervised childbirth among migrant women are partly accounted for by their socio-economic and cultural disadvantages. Howe- ver, it should be noted that migrant women are still much better off in these respects than women remaining in rural areas. Moreover, we found no correlation among these migrant women between severe maternal morbidity and socioeconomic factors. On the other hand, we found a strong positive correlation with biodemographic risk factors (small or overweight women and the occurrence of stillbirths). To cite this journal: Bull. Mem. Soc. Anthropol. Paris 24 (2012).