The ethanol extract from the rhodophyta Gloiopeltis furcata and its active ingredient docosahexaenoic acid improve exercise performance in mice

: The effectiveness of natural bioresources at enhancing exercise performance is of interest to those in sports and health care. The use of 29 common seaweed species as supplements to enhance exercise performance and the recovery from physical fatigue was evaluated. The ethanol extract of the red seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata (GFE) had the greatest effect on forelimb grip strength and swimming endurance in mice. The optimal daily dose of GFE was 0.1 mg per 10 μl per g of body weight. GFE significantly increased muscle mass but had little effect on body weight and fatty deposits. The extract also significantly raised the blood superoxide dismutase and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, while reducing the lactate and urea levels (p < 0.05). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from GFE made the greatest contribution to improving physical exercise performance. These results support the use of GFE and DHA in health food products for enhancing physical performance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The study shows the exercise enhancement and anti-fatigue activities of GFE using the forelimb grip strength test, forced swimming endurance test, muscle mass measurement, and blood biochemical parameters. These results support the use of GFE and its active constituent DHA in functional foods or nutraceuticals for enhancing physical performance.