The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows and Recharging Stations in the Reverse Logistics

Because of the limitation of battery technology and charging station infrastructure, the electric vehicle has those disadvantages such as the short range of travel, the constraint of capacity, the long charging time, fewer charging stations, the range anxiety of driver et al. Therefore, the study of the electric vehicle routing problem needs to consider more limiting factors. In this paper, the electric vehicle routing problem with time windows mathematical model with minimum total cost objective function which considering the factors that include visiting charging station, partial charging, charging cost was established. The effectiveness of this model was validated with an example that extracted from the Solomon benchmark instances. The result shows that the final routing will be more realistic if we considering more characteristic factors about the electric vehicles in the EVRPTW.