企业异己：内涵、诱因及演化 Enterprises’ Non-Self: Connotation, Inducement and Evolution

企业异己是企业免疫系统作用的客体，是一种使企业遭受损失或面临损失威胁的事件或状态，异己的出现增加了企业运营的不确定性，具有客观存在性、传染性、潜伏性、双重性、突发性、致损性、不可预见性、变异性、不确定性、持续性。企业异己包括企业病毒、企业异常细胞和企业漏洞，产生的诱因有利益摩擦、心理预期的多米诺骨牌效应、道德风险、企业内部管理不善、环境突变等。不同类型的企业异己演化的生命周期是不同的。企业异己由事件触发异己源而产生，超过一定的临界值开始借助一定的传染媒介进行传递和扩散，经由不同的路径传递给异己接受者。 Enterprises’ non-self is the object of enterprise’s immune system, is a kind of event or state that causes the enterprise to suffer loss or face the threat of loss, and increases the uncertainty of enterprise’s operation. It has the characteristics of objective existence, contagion, latent, duality, suddenness, unpredictability, variability, uncertainty, and persistence. Enterprise’ non-self in-cludes enterprise virus, enterprise abnormal cells and enterprise vulnerabilities. Its incentives have interest friction, psychological expected domino effect, moral hazard, internal management mismanagement, environmental mutation and so on. Different types of enterprise’ non-self have different evolutionary life cycle. The enterprise’ non-self is triggered by the event, as long as more than a certain threshold value begins to pass and spread by certain transmission medium, and through different path to the dissident recipient.