Photophysical and electrochemical properties of the outer-sphere associate of [Ru(bipy)3]2+ with p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene

1H NMR titration and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that [Ru(bipy)3]2+ forms an outer-sphere inclusion complex with p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene in a ratio of 1: 1 in both aqueous solutions and the solid state. According to cyclic voltammograms and fluorimetric data, the outer-sphere association of [Ru(bipy)3]2+ with p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene changes the reversible character of the electrochemical oxidation of [Ru(bipy)3]2+ and lowers its emission intensity.