Factores de riesgo para enfermedad renal crónica en población adulta del Hospital Básico de Machachi. Estudio de casos y controles.

Introduction: The knowledge of traditional risk factors and their causal association in the population of the Hospital is essential for the optimization of treatment and to control the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical epidemiological study of cases and controls was carried out, together with the application of a binary logistic regression model to establish the existence of a significant causal association, and describe the risk factors that are most related to kidney disease. Chronic, from 2014 to 2019, the unpaired case-control study was carried out with 122 patients, two study groups, the case group with 42 patients that met the inclusion criteria, and have the clinical diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease, according to The criteria of the KDOKI guidelines (2018) the second group with 80 patients with similar characteristics and exposure to traditional risk factors, without the clinical diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease.Results: In the bivariate analysis, an association was found between type 2 DM, (x2 16.65 (p = 0.00)), basal glucose (x2 5.76 (p = 0.016)), HbA1C (x2 12.59 (p = 0.000)), Systolic blood pressure (TAS) (x2 37.85 (p = 0.000)), Diastolic pressure (TAD) (x2 28.92 (p = 0.000)), Obesity (BMI> 30) (x2 7.75 (p = 0.005)) and Chronic kidney disease. After the application of a binary regression model in the case study of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), maintaining the hypothesis that CKD is associated with exposure to traditional risk factors treated in this study, it is determined that both type 2 DM (OR 5.24 IC (2.29-11.99) p = 0.00), and Obesity (OR 3.11 IC (1.37-7.04) p = 0.006), increase the risk of developing CKD 5 and 3 times, respectively, while that, HbA1C levels <7% (OR 0.24 IC (0.11-0.54) p = 0.001), basal glucose levels <130 mg / dl (OR0.38 IC (0.17-0.84) p = 0.01), TAS < 129 mmhg (OR 0.067 IC (0.026-0.17) p = 0.000), the TAD level <89 mmhg (OR 0.073 IC (0.0250.21) p = 0.00), behaved as protective factors, when the therapeutic goals were achieved.Conclusion: based on the results, we conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between metabolic control, obesity and blood pressure levels with the development of chronic kidney disease, being that with good glycemic control, maintaining strict control of blood pressure levels , the risk of CKD can be reduced.