The Role of Biologics and Precision-Based Medicine in Treating Atopic Diseases in Children

Children with atopic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis often have poorly controlled disease, which can occur as a result of noncompliance from the concern of side effects from prolonged use of medications. This fear is not unfounded as often increasing doses of inhaled, topical, or oral steroids are required for control and carry a cumulative risk burden for growth and development in this population. The availability of biologics in this patient population has been pivotal in expanding options to reduce disease burden and unfavorable side effects. In addition to biologics expanding treatment options for children, their use has added insight into mechanisms of disease. In doing so, there is a better understanding of current biomarkers in tailoring treatment approaches. As novel biomarkers are studied, we are gaining more insight into targeted treatment options. This review discusses biologics currently available for children for the treatment of atopic diseases, with a focus on certain phenotypic and endotypic biomarkers that may help guide therapy.