Condición física, actividad física, conducta sedentaria y predictores psicológicos en adolescentes chilenos: diferencias por género. (Physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and psychological predictors in Chilean adolescents: Differences by gender)

2019 
El objetivo del estudio fue comparar los niveles de condicion fisica, actividad fisica, conducta sedentaria y predictores psicologicos de actividad fisica entre adolescentes chilenos varones y mujeres. A 70 varones y 56 mujeres adolescentes chilenos (edad =13.00 ± 1.00 anos) se les evaluo la condicion fisica (composicion corporal y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria), habitos de actividad fisica y conducta sedentaria (acelerometro GT3X) y predictores psicologicos de actividad fisica (motivacion hacia el ejercicio fisico, barreras hacia el ejercicio fisico e intencion de ser fisicamente activo) (diseno transversal). Los resultados de la prueba U de Mann-Whitney mostraron que los adolescentes varones tenian unos niveles estadisticamente significativos mas favorables de composicion corporal, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, actividad fisica, motivacion autodeterminada hacia el ejercicio fisico, barreras hacia el ejercicio fisico e intencion de ser fisicamente activo que las mujeres ( p ≤ .05). Los diferentes programas conducentes a crear habitos saludables entre los jovenes deberian tener presente las diferencias existentes entre los adolescentes varones y mujeres. = The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and psychological predictors of physical activity among male and female Chilean adolescents. A total of 70 male and 56 female Chilean adolescents (aged 13.00 ± 1.00 years old) were assessed for physical fitness (body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness), habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior (GT3X accelerometer) and psychological predictors of physical activity (motivation toward exercise, barriers toward exercise and intention to be physically active) (cross-sectional design). The Mann-Whitney U test results showed that male adolescents had statistically significant more favorable levels of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, self-determined motivation toward exercise, barriers toward exercise and intention to be physically active than women ( p ≤ .05). The different programs conducive to creating healthy habits among young people should keep in mind the differences between male and female adolescents.
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