Trauma Factors among Adult and Geriatric Blunt Trauma Patients

Abstract Background Trauma is known as a third leading cause of mortality among all-aged patients. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate pre-trauma physiological factors and trauma-related factors that can increase the risk of mortality among the adult and geriatric patients. Method In this longitudinal data analysis study, 500 non-penetrating adult trauma patients who were referred to (XXX) from January 2019 - December 2019 were enrolled. Information such as age, sex, occupation, place of residence, hospitalization and surgical history, underlying illnesses, medications (such as antihypertensive drugs, etc.), lab findings (complete blood cell and creatinine levels) were recorded in the form of a questionnaire. The patients were divided in group A (aged 65 and above) and group B (aged below 65 years). The data obtained was analyzed statistically using SPSSv18. Result The mean age of all patients under study was 51.6 years. Among all participants, 68% (341) were male and 32% (159) were female. Regarding the cause of trauma, group A had significantly greater incidence (p-value = 0.001). The two groups were also significantly different in terms of the region of the injury (p-value = 0.014). Furthermore, underlying diseases were also statistically significant among the two groups (p-value = 0.0093). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of smoking and drugs (p-value=0.01 and 0.001, respectively). Finally, the mortality rate in patients older than 65 years old (4.3%) was significantly higher than those in patients under the age of 65 years (2.9%) (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion The results of this study showed that among the trauma patients aged below 65 years and those aged 65 years and above, underlying illness, mortality rate, usage of drugs, cause of trauma, type of injury, vital signs, white blood cell count and platelet count, hemoglobin and serum creatinine vary significantly.