Gardnerella vaginalis Is a Rare Cause of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Gardnerella vaginalis ( G. vaginalis ) is a commensal bacterium of the vaginal flora, facultative anerobic with Gram-variable, frequently implicated in cases of vaginosis or even infections of the genitourinary tract, rarely responsible for systemic infections and very exceptionally isolated in bronchopulmonary damage. We report here a case of G. vaginalis pneumonia in a 45-year-old man admitted to the intensive care unit for cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) by hanging, whose course was unfavorable following severe post-anoxic encephalopathy. During his hospitalization, the patient presented ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with identification of G. vaginalis at a significant threshold on the protected distal bronchial sampling (PDBS). Antibiotic therapy with cefotaxime and metronidazole had a good response to this infection. In this observation, we discuss the pathogenic role and identification of G. vaginalis at the pulmonary level. J Med Cases. 2021;12(4):134-137 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc3645