Cu2ZnSnS4 as an efficient hole transporting material for low temperature paintable carbon electrode based perovskite solar cells

Abstract Introducing a solution processed hole transporting layer into the low temperature paintable carbon electrode based perovskite solar cells is highly desirable to further enhance their power conversion efficiencies. At the same time, this low cost method is compatible with roll-to-roll mass production. Here, we have demonstrated that Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles can be a potential hole transporting layer for low temperature paintable carbon electrode based perovskite solar cells. Under optimized conditions, perovskite solar cells with a CZTS hole transporting layer exhibit an average power conversion efficiency of 12.53%, which is enhanced by ~50% compared with perovskite solar cell without a CZTS hole transporting layer. At the same time, perovskite solar cells with CZTS hole transporting layer demonstrate negligible hysteresis and excellent long time stability.