Education among Indigenous Peoples from Colombia and Peru: Social Movement or Public Policy?

Though the Marxist approach dominated the social sciences and much of political discontent throughout the 1970s — not to mention the 1980s — in the case of Peru, New Social Movement (NSM) theory became the preferred approach for postmodernist authors dealing with the undeniable loss of relevance of trade unions and left-wing political parties. The region has seen the end of the national agenda and the rise of globalization, a context where the most acute objective conditions for revolutionary protest, such as the ones present during the 1980s, prevailed with a rise in social exclusion, unemployment and poverty, and none of the traditional political groups gathered enough strength to turn outbreaks into channelled social movements.