Sarcoidosis after treatment with interferon-α: A case series and review of the literature

Summary Recombinant interferon-α (rINF-α) is an immunomodulator used in the treatment of various conditions, including viral infections and malignancies. The use of rINF-α has been associated with the development of sarcoidosis in recent case reports. In this series, we report the incidence of sarcoidosis in recipients of rINF-α for hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection at our institution. We also review the 57 additional cases of sarcoidosis associated with rINF-α described in the literature, including clinical presentation, radiographic findings, management, and outcomes, and discuss the potential mechanisms by which rINF-α may lead to the development of sarcoidosis.