An Energy-Efficient Localization Scheme Using Beacon Nodes for Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization is an important scheme to find the position for the sensor nodes in the field of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the localization is used to estimate the position of the unknown node by getting a beacon message from the nodes. The ripple localization algorithm is used, to estimate the position of unknown nodes by transmitting or receiving a beacon message from beacon nodes using multilateration process. In this algorithm, the beacon nodes have different signal transmission power. Along with this, this algorithm does not require any extra hardware for ranging and estimation of the position of unknown nodes with respect to beacon nodes. The algorithm is distributed, so the communication overhead is avoided. The transmission power is not always used by beacon nodes as it does not use maximum power always. Moreover, unknown nodes do not transmit power. Hence, energy consumption is reduced significantly.