Beat-by-beat cardiovascular index to predict unexpected intraoperative movement in anesthetized unparalyzed patients: a retrospective analysis.

Objective Unexpected intraoperative movement may be detrimental during delicate surgery. This study tested retrospectively an algorithm based on beat-by-beat circulatory variables (incorporated into a Cardiovascular depth of anesthesia index: CARDEAN©) in relationship to unexpected movement, and compared its performance to that of the electroencephalogram (EEG)-derived index: BIS®-XP 4.0.