Effect of periarticular morphine injection for total hip arthroplasty: a randomised, double-blind trial:

Background:The periarticular multimodal cocktail injection is currently commonly used to treat postoperative pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite its analgesic effect, it is frequently reported to cause nausea and vomiting, which are adverse effects of opioids. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of morphine as a component of a multimodal cocktail injection for providing postoperative analgesia and alleviating swelling in patients who underwent THA.Materials and methods:This was a prospective, single-centre, randomised controlled trial involving 100 patients scheduled for unilateral THA. A mixture of steroids, local anaesthetics, NSAIDs, and epinephrine with or without morphine (0.1 mg/kg), was injected into randomly assigned patients. Postoperative assessment was performed with all attending personnel and patients blind to group assignment. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, range of motion (ROM), nausea numerical rating scale (NRS), the total dose of antiemetic drugs used and thigh swe...