Zaburzenia zachowania fazy snu REM jako wczesny marker choroby Parkinsona

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the modern world and is associated with aging societies. PD is a progressive disease in which there is a loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra (SN), and the pathological feature is the presence of Lewy bodies, composed of, among others, the protein ?-synuclein. When the loss of neurons in SN exceeds approx. 60%, the main clinical (motor) symptoms appear, such as bradykinesia, muscle stiffness, resting tremor and posture and gait disturbances. PD is a disease with a complex etiopathogenesis, in which the preclinical / prodromal period is very important, because non-motor symptoms appear, such as olfactory impairment, depression or sleep disorders, even several years ahead of the clinical phase. In addition to presenting basic information on PD, this work focuses on sleep disorders, the most important of which is REM sleep behavior disorder, which may be an early diagnostic marker of the developing disease, and thus help in the search for new neuroprotective therapies at an early prodromal stage.