Researches on the Occurrences of Major Forest Insect Pests of Pine Caterpillar Dendrolimus spp.in China

Dendrolimus spp.,important defoliators of coniferous forest,are widely distributed in China.27 species have been recorded,including 6 that frequently have outbreaks that damage more than two million hm2 of pine forests every year.Research on Dendrolimus spp.is important to develop tactics and related technologies for the integrated pest management(ab.IPM) of this pest.Recently,progress has been made,especially on key-factor analysis,research and utilization of sex-pheromones,identification of volatile-compounds and their impacts on the orientation behavior of parasitic wasps and flies,and satellite remote sensing for Dendrolimus spp.This paper systematically reviews outbreaks and occurrence of Dendrolimus spp.,as well as some new survey and forecasting techniques.Further studies should focus more on the biology and ecology of some nonoutbreak species of Dendrolimus spp.since this information will shed light on the outbreak mechanisms of the pest species.