Effect of tobacco smoking on neutrophil activity following periodontal surgery.

Background: Tobacco smoking has considerable negative effects on the outcome of periodontal treatment. The reason for the inferior therapeutical effect might be related to an altered neutrophil activity in terms of elastase and/or matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), as well as in the protease inhibitor alpha-1-antitrypsin (α-1-AT) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (α-2-MG) activities. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to elucidate the effect of tobacco smoking on gingival crevicular fluid GCF) levels of these substances following surgical treatment. Methods: The study population included 15 smoking and 15 non-smoking patients with moderate to severe periodontitis receiving surgical treatment. Clinical examinations and collection of GCF were done prior to surgery and 1 and 5 weeks following treatment. The elastase activity was measured with a chromogenic low-molecular substrate and the levels of α-1-AT, α-2-MG, and MMP-8 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The results showed unaltered level...