N,N-dialkyl-2-pyrrolidone quaternary ammonium salt and its synthesizing method and use

The present invention relates to N, N- dialkyl-2-pyrrolidone, quaternary ammonium salts having the formula: wherein R 1 of C 1 ~ C 8 alkyl, R 2 of C 8 ~ C 20 alkyl, X - is a Cl - , Br - , I - , BF 4 - or PF 6 - . The present invention has both properties of an ionic liquid, and having surfactant properties, both characteristics of both a liquid type pyrrolidone ionic surfactant. The present invention is a compound of low toxicity, readily biodegradable, mild to the environment, pollution, is excellent green solvent can dissolve the difficult to dissolve many compounds, dissolved stronger than common organic solvents.