Prognostic Factors of Renal Impairment in Multiple Myeloma in Senegal
2018
Introduction: The occurrence of renal impairment in
multiple myeloma is a major turning point in the evolution
of this incurable malignant hemopathy. This is the main
prognostic factor and more and more authors report its
major impact on the long-term overall survival of these
patients. The aim of this study was to describe the
prognosis and to determine the prognostic factors of renal
involvement in multiple myeloma in Senegal.
Patients and method: This was a multicenter, retrospective
descriptive and analytical study lasting 7 years, involving
133 patients with renal impairment during follow-up.
Predictive factors, prognosis and treatment outcome of
hematologic and renal response were studied at 3 months,
6 months and 1 year of follow-up.
Results: One-year survival was observed in 17% of patients.
It was conditioned by renal prognosis, hyperbeta2-
microglobulinemia and anaemia. Renal prognosis was
negatively influenced by hyperprotidemia, proteinuria and
advanced age. Patients treated with Velcade, who were
adjusted for other drugs, had better recovery of renal
function. Predictors of kidney damage were age, gender,
high blood pressure, diabetes, NSAIDs, exposure to toxic
products, taking herbal medicine. Finally, anaemia and
hyperbeta2-microglobulinemia were associated with a
higher occurrence of death.
Conclusion: The prognosis of renal involvement in multiple
myeloma in Senegal is still poor and in addition to the
prognostic factors reported in the literature, the
inaccessibility to chemotherapy last generation is the
challenge to improve this prognosis.
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