Development and validation of the MOOC success scale (MOOC-SS)

The objective of this study is to develop and validate the MOOC Success Scale (MOOC-SS) in the Malaysian context. Further, this study ascertains the influence of MOOC success factors on learner satisfaction. Based on an elaborate literature study, six factors related to MOOC success were derived: (1) system quality, (2) information quality, (3) service quality, (4) attitude, (5) course quality, and (6) satisfaction. The data were collected from 1000 undergraduate students from 5 public universities in Malaysia with a return of 622 responses. The instrument was tested in several ways: (a) review the literature, (b) formulating hypotheses (c) items generation, (d) expert opinion, and (e) pilot test. Thereafter, the scale’s reliability and validity were calculated, which appeared to be excellent. The results of the principal component analysis (PCA) empirically confirmed that the MOOC success scale with six factors and 33 items is strong enough to recommend its use in MOOC settings. Further, the finding of the predictive validity indicated that system quality, attitude, and course quality appeared to predict satisfaction toward MOOC. The instrument can be used by academicians, practitioners, and policymakers to monitor the MOOC success factors. Further research would be needed to generalize this research to other populations.