The influence of water characteristics on the aquatic insect and plant assemblage in small irrigation ponds in Civilian Control Zone, Korea
2016
A small irrigation pond for a rice paddy field is a very important refuge for aquatic insects and plants. To reveal
environmental factors determining species composition of aquatic insect and plant communities, we analyzed water
chemistry and connection between pond and surrounding in five types of irrigation ponds based on water source and
connection in CCZ of South Korea: stagnation, exchange-stagnation, spring, stagnation-spring, and exchangespring
types. The stagnation type had the most stable water chemistry among the 16 irrigation ponds studied, and the
spring type had the most variable water chemistry. Anion content was highest in the stagnation type, and cation
content was highest in the exchange-stagnation type. 228 taxa including 63 wetland plants and 95 aquatic insect taxa
were recorded. Six rare plant species and four rare aquatic insect species were identified. The stagnation-spring type
had the highest species richness. There was no correlation between size and species richness. Multivariate analyses
showed distinctive species assemblages among the irrigation pond types. This would indicate that water chemical
change at annual cycle and connection influenced on the species assemblages in irrigation pond. In additional,
irrigation pond contributes to regional biodiversity in agricultural areas, as irrigation pond provides heterogeneous
communities for the freshwater ecosystem.
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