Recent advances in multifunctional nanoengineered biomaterials

Abstract From 1990 to 2018, nanoengineered biomaterials underwent extensive advancement and showed great potential in biomedical fields. In recent years, multifunctionality has been the trend of the design and fabrication of nanoengineered biomaterials with the rapid development of imaging technology, materials science, and nanotechnology. Theranostics, which integrates the therapeutic and diagnostic imaging agents in one delivery package, has been one of the most popular biomedical applications of multifunctional nanoengineered biomaterials. In this chapter, we present a brief introduction of the newly developed imaging technologies, such as NIR-II imaging and photoacoustic imaging, which has been employed in the fabrication of multifunctional nanoengineered biomaterials from 2015 to 2019, and outline their applications in cancer theranostics, optogenetics, and bacterial infection.