Video image compression method, video image reading method, video image reading device and video image processing system

The invention discloses a video image compression method, a video image reading method, a video image reading device and a video image processing system. The video image compression method comprises steps of extracting a background layer and a target layer from an image to be coded, wherein a target in the target layer is an interest area part in the image to be coded; respectively performing coding on the target layer and the background layer to generate code streams; and performing composition on the code streams of the target layer and the background layer. Through extracting the background layer and the target layer from the image to be coded, the video image compression method, the video image reading method, the video image reading device and the video image processing system perform coding on the background image layer and the target image layer to generate code streams, perform composition on the code streams, decode the composite code streams during decoding, directly retrieve an image containing the target object and improve utilization rate of a calculation resource.