Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation presenting as extralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with a bronchogenic cyst: an unusual clinical and radiological feature in an adolescent patient

We present a case of symptomatic complex bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM), including extralobar pulmonary sequestration and a bronchogenic cyst, in the left anterior mediastinum of a 15-year-old boy. Preoperative computed tomography showed a cystic mass with heterogeneous enhancement of adjacent soft tissue components and pleural effusion. We suggested the infected bronchogenic cyst as the first impression. However, pathological examination after surgical resection revealed extralobar pulmonary sequestration and a bronchogenic cyst with unusual manifestation, which was located in the left upper hemithorax and supplied by the pulmonary artery. In patients presenting with a cystic mass with features of inflammation or infection and collateral vasculature, the possibility of a complex bronchopulmonary foregut malformation should be considered in the differential diagnosis.