Challenges and Strategies for Developing Decentralized Applications Based on Blockchain Technology

This paper reveals challenges and strategies of data models, deployment scenarios, business processes, and consensus models when enterprises or individuals want to apply blockchain to their information system in order to leverage advantages of the technology. A blockchain is a digital ledger, which is encrypted and stored on multiple computers in a public or private network and the data stored therein cannot be altered or deleted by a single individual. The changes for existing applications using blockchain bring difficulties for both managers and developers. The decentralized manner is different from centralized ones in aspects of how to store data in blocks, who has reading and writing permission, and how to validate transactions among many parties. We illustrate our proposal by developing an example blockchain application that enables to authenticate Vietnamese certificates at schools and universities.