Transverse sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at root s=0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV
2012
- Betty Abelev
- Jaroslav Adam
- Dagmar Adamová
- Andrew Marshall Adare
- Madan Mohan Aggarwal
- G. Aglieri Rinella
- Andreas Gabor Agocs
- A. Agostinelli
- S. Aguilar Salazar
- Zubayer Ahammed
- Nazeer Ahmad
- A. Ahmad Masoodi
- Sang Un Ahn
- Alexander Akindinov
- Dmitry Aleksandrov
- Bruno Alessandro
- R Alfaro-Molina
- Andrea Alici
- Anton Alkin
- E. Almaráz Aviña
- Johan Alme
- Torsten Alt
- Valerio Altini
- Sedat Altinpinar
- Igor Altsybeev
- Cristian Andrei
- Anton Andronic
- Venelin Anguelov
- Jonas Anielski
- Christopher Daniel Anson
- Tome Anticic
- Federico Antinori
- P. Antonioli
- Laurent Bernard Aphecetche
- H. Appelshäuser
- Nicolas Arbor
- S Arcelli
- Andreas Arend
- Néstor Armesto
- R Arnaldi
- T. Aronsson
- Ionut Christian Arsene
- Mesut Arslandok
- Andzhey Asryan
- Andre Augustinus
- Ralf Peter Averbeck
- T. C. Awes
- Juha Äystö
- Mohd Danish Azmi
- Matthias Jakob Bach
- A. Badalà
- Y.W. Baek
- Raphaelle Marie Bailhache
- R. Bala
- R. Baldini-Ferroli
- A. Baldisseri
- A. Baldit
- F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa
- J. Ban
- Rama Chandra Baral
- Roberto Barbera
- F. Barile
- G. G. Barnaföldi
- L. S. Barnby
- V. Barret
- Jerzy Gustaw Bartke
- M. Basile
- Nicole Bastid
- Sumit Basu
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- Guillaume Batigne
- Boris Batyunya
- C. Baumann
- Ian Gardner Bearden
- Hans Beck
- Iouri Belikov
- Francesca Bellini
- Rene Bellwied
- E. Belmont-Moreno
- Gyula Bencedi
- Stefania Beole
- Ionela Berceanu
- Alexandru Bercuci
- Y. Berdnikov
- Daniel Berenyi
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- L. Betev
- Anju Bhasin
- A. K. Bhati
- Jihyun Bhom
- N. Bianchi
- Luciana Bianchi
- Chiara Bianchin
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- J. Bielcikova
- A Bilandzic
- Sandro Bjelogrlic
- F. Blanco
- Dmitry Blau
- C. Blume
- Marco Boccioli
- Nicolas Bock
- S. Böttger
- Alexey Bogdanov
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- Mikhail Bogolyubsky
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- M Bombara
- Julian Heinz Book
- H. Borel
- Alexander Borissov
- Suvadeep Bose
- Francesco Bossu
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- Timo Gunther Breitner
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- Michal Broz
- Rene Brun
- E. Bruna
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- Henner Buesching
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- Kyrylo Bugaiev
- Oliver Busch
- Z. Buthelezi
- D. Caballero Orduna
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- E. Calvo Villar
- Paolo Camerini
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- F. Carena
- N. Carlin Filho
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- J. Castillo Castellanos
- J. F. Castillo Hernandez
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- Vasile Catanescu
- Costanza Cavicchioli
- C Ceballos Sánchez
- Jan Cepila
- P. Cerello
- B. S. Chang
- Sylvain Chapeland
- J. L. Charvet
- Sukalyan Chattopadhyay
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- Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk
- Pierre Zelnicek
- I.S. Zgura
- Mikhail Zhalov
- Xiang Zhang
- H. Zhang
- You Zhou
- Dai-Mei Zhou
- Fengchu Zhou
- Xiangrong Zhu
- J. Zhu
- Antonino Zichichi
- Alice Zimmermann
- Gennady Zinovjev
- Yannick Denis Zoccarato
- Mykhaylo Zynovyev
- Maksym Zyzak
Measurements of the sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at root s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. The observable is measured in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction using primary charged tracks with p(T) > 0.5 GeV/c in vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8. The mean sphericity as a function of the charged particle multiplicity at mid-rapidity (N-ch) is reported for events with different p(T) scales ("soft" and "hard") defined by the transverse momentum of the leading particle. In addition, the mean charged particle transverse momentum versus multiplicity is presented for the different event classes, and the sphericity distributions in bins of multiplicity are presented. The data are compared with calculations of standard Monte Carlo event generators. The transverse sphericity is found to grow with multiplicity at all collision energies, with a steeper rise at low N-ch, whereas the event generators show an opposite tendency. The combined study of the sphericity and the mean p(T) with multiplicity indicates that most of the tested event generators produce events with higher multiplicity by generating more back-to-back jets resulting in decreased sphericity (and isotropy). The PYTHIA6 generator with tune PERUGIA-2011 exhibits a noticeable improvement in describing the data, compared to the other tested generators.
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