Investigations on Process Parameters of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM): A Review

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an imperative method for fabricating 3D metallic parts. By the large, additive manufacturing (AM) innovation is utilized to prevail over the restriction of conventional subtractive manufacturing (SM) for manufacturing larger parts with a low buy-to-fly ratio. There are mainly three heat sources utilized in WAAM: metal inert gas welding (MIG), tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) and plasma arc welding (PAW). WAAM is picking up a reputation for the manufacturing of 3D parts using metal as raw material but the method is difficult to control because of its implicit residual stress, low hardness, discontinuous deposition, roughness, low grain growth and distortion. These problems create major issues for WAAM since they affect the part’s geometric precision and extremely demean the properties of manufacturing parts. In this review paper, the WAAM process for the manufacturing of 3D metal parts along with its process parameters and their effect is reviewed.