Near-Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy: A Probe of Local Bonding for Organic Gases Solids, Adsorbates, and Polymers
1988
The near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of the carbon K -shell is shown to be a sensitive probe of certain types of bonds and functional groups in organic molecules, regardless of whether the molecules are: isolated in the gas phase, condensed, chem isorbed on a surface, or a long chain polymer. To demonstrate this principle, the K -shell excitation spectra of molecules containing similar bonds and/or functional groups are presented and compared in the gas phase, the solid state and adsorbed on surfaces. From a systematic study of molecules with increasing size, guidelines are established which allow the understanding of the NEXAFS spectra of macromole cules and polymers based on a simple building block picture. As exam ples we discuss the spectra of single layer Langmuir-Blodgett and thin polymer films on surfaces and show that they can be interpreted in like manner to those of simple isolated molecules. We also discuss limi tations of the building block approach arising from conjugation effects in molecules or band structure formation in three dimensional periodic solids.
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