Cosmological scenario based on particle creation and holographic equipartition

We propose a cosmological scenario that describes the evolution of the universe based on particle creation and holographic equipartition. The model attempts to solve the inflation of the early universe and the accelerated expansion of the present universe without introducing the dark energy from the thermodynamical perspective. Throughout the evolution of the universe, we assume that the universe consistently creates particles, and that the holographic equipartition is always satisfied. Further, we set the creation rate of particles proportional to \begin{document}$ H^{2} $\end{document} in the early universe and to H in the present and late universe, where H depicts the Hubble parameter. Consequently, we obtain the solutions \begin{document}$ a(t)\propto {\rm e}^{\alpha t/3} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ a(t)\propto t^{1/2} $\end{document} for the early universe and solutions \begin{document}$ a(t)\propto t^{\delta} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ a(t)\propto {\rm e}^{Ht} $\end{document} for the present and late universe, respectively, where \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \delta $\end{document} are the parameters. Finally, we obtain and analyze two important thermodynamic properties for the present model.