Uso de productos barrera para prevenir complicaciones en la piel periestomal

Objectives: to assess the efficacy of using a protective barrier spray for preventing peristomal skin maceration and irritation in surgical patients before disc placement, and to assess the efficacy of the application of said spray before removing the adhesive discs. Method: a randomized clinical trial was conducted with two comparison arms: the control group (standard cure) and the experimental arm (standard cure + application of spray as barrier method before disc placement and adhesive remover spray for removing them). The study included ostomized patients from the Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina (Parla, Madrid) in 2019, seen at the General Surgery Unit. Patients were randomly assigned to two 15-patient arms. Descriptive variables were collected on recruitment day, and for outcomes at 10 days follow-up. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted. The relationship between different variables was evaluated through statistical tests. Results: thirty (30) patients were randomized, 15 patients to the control arm and 15 patients to the experimental arm. Clinical differences were observed in the comparison arms at study initiation. When comparing the outcome variables at 10 days after surgery in the two study arms, statistically significant differences were observed regarding the presence of complications in the peristomal skin (p< 0.001) with 80% (n= 12) in the control arm vs. 6.7% (n= 1) in the experimental arm, and in terms of type of complications between both arms (0,002), particularly L2-type erosive lesions. Conclusions: the use of a protective barrier spray on the skin of the patient before placing the ostomy disc as well as the application of an adhesive remover spray for removal seems to reduce the risk of complications in the peristomal skin of surgical patients.