3D rapid high-resolution tunnel construction advanced intelligent forecasting method

The invention discloses a 3D rapid high-resolution tunnel construction advanced intelligent forecasting method. An observation method that excites seismic waves on the tunnel face and receives multiple coverage imaging of reflection wave signals on the tunnel face in a 3D mode is employed, high-sensitivity broadband sensors can be quickly combined to arrange a 3D reception system based on the shape and a construction mode of the tunnel face, a broadband seismic source is further utilized at the tunnel face to carry out rapid and regular automatic excitation without causing damage to the tunnelface, construction is simple, repeatability is strong, and the risk is low; and secondly, excitation and data acquisition at different construction processes of the tunnel are carried out, in combination with physical properties of surrounding rocks (such as surrounding rock density, the Poisson's ratio, etc.) acquired during tunnel construction, a tunnel database is established, through comparing the data at different times, high-resolution detection of the geological information in front of the tunnel face can be carried out, and geological disasters within 500 meters ahead of the tunnel face are detected.