Cytochrome P450 1B1 and 2C9 genotypes and risk of ischemic vascular disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2012
The aim of this review is to summarize present knowledge of genetic variation in cytochrome P450 1B1
(CYP1B1) and 2C9 (CYP2C9) genes and risk of tobacco-related cancer, female cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease and ischemic vascular disease. The CYP1B1 and CYP2C9 enzymes metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
found in tobacco smoke and thereby generate disease-causing metabolites suggested to be important in tobacco-related
diseases. Furthermore, CYP1B1 also metabolizes estrogen while CYP2C9 metabolizes arachidonic acid, both creating
metabolites potentially important in risk of female cancer or ischemic vascular disease. Genetic variation in genes coding
for CYP1B1 and CYP2C9 enzymes have shown altered enzyme activity affecting levels of metabolites and thus potentially
risk of disease. So far, however, findings have been inconsistent. Recently, large studies on the association between
genetic variation in CYP1B1 and CYP2C9 and risk of disease with considerable statistical power rebutted the hypotheses
that these genetic variants affect risk of tobacco-related cancer, female cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and
ischemic vascular disease.
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