Detecting Pilot Spoofing Attack in MISO Systems With Trusted User

This letter proposes a novel pilot spoofing attack detection scheme by introducing an auxiliary node as a trusted user, which also participates in the uplink training process and assists to detect pilot spoofing in multiple-input single-output systems. To do so, we design an efficient three-phase uplink training method, with which a malicious user can be reliably detected. In contrast to the existing methods involving two-stage uplink–downlink training, our method relies only on the uplink training stage. Meanwhile, our new scheme detects spoofing attack without altering pilot signals, which is also beyond the competence of the existing methods. Numerical results show that our method improves the detection probability significantly.