Evaluation of quality of life on rehabilitation of implant-supported overdentures with edentulous dentition

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between complete dentures (CD) and two implants-supported overdentures (IOD) . Methods From 2016 to 2018, 19 subjects aged 50-80 years with edentulous mandible were selected and enrolled in this study (eight males, with an average age of 69.25 years; 11 females, with an average age of 72.45 years) . All these patients received treatment in Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, but were not satisfied with the complete denture and requested a stable denture. In this clinical trial, each subject received both a new complete denture (CD) and an implant-supported overdenture (IOD) made with the same standard. Using self-control method, patient satisfaction and OHRQoL were measured by Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-20) , geriatric oral health assessment index (GOHAI) and dental impact on daily living (DIDL) after 3-month adaptation to CD and IOD rehabilitation. Data were compared by Wilcoxon′s signed rank test at a significance level of 0.05, and the effect size (ES) of OHRQoL scores in the CD group and IOD group was calculated to evaluate the influence degree. Results All the results in OHIP-20, GOHAI, and DIDL scales showed that IOD group was better than CD group in terms of functional limitations, pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, handicap, appearance, oral comfort, and global scores, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05) . In addition, according to the evaluation criteria of DIDL scale, IOD was found to effectively improve patient satisfaction and reduce the proportion of dissatisfaction. The ES values in each field and the total score of the three scales were greater than 0.8, indicating that each field was highly affected, and physiological functions such as chewing ability (ES = 3.74) , limited physiological ability (ES = 3.12) and limited functional ability (ES = 2.94) were most improved. It can be concluded that IOD group had a better quality of life improvement than CD group, and had a higher degree of improvement in all aspects. Conclusion The OHIP-20, GOHAI and DIDL findings suggested that implant-supported overdenture had a positive impact on the psychological and social behavior of mandibular edentulism in elderly. Key words: Denture, complete; Dental prosthesis, implant-supported; Implant-supported overdentures; Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)