Association of immediate postpartum calcium concentration with clinical diseases, culling, reproduction and milk production in Holstein cows

The objectives of our study were to determine the association of plasma Ca concentration collected within 12 h of parturition with: 1) the risk of clinical diseases (retained placenta [RP], metritis, displaced abomasum [DA], and clinical mastitis) in the first 60 d in milk (DIM), 2) the risk of culling in the first 60 DIM, 3) the risk of pregnancy to first service, and 4) milk production.