Constitutive model for a new kind of metastable β titanium alloy during hot deformation

Abstract The constitutive model was developed to describe the relationship among flow stress, strain, strain rate, and deformation temperature completely, based on the characteristics of flow stress curves for a new kind of metastable β Ti2448 titanium alloy from isothermal hot compression tests, in a wide range of temperatures (1023-1123 K) and strain rates (63-0.001 s −1 ). During this process, the adopted hyperbolic sine function based on the unified viscoplasticity theory was used to model the flow behavior of alloy undergoing flow softening caused by dynamic recovery (DRV) at high strain rates (≥1 s −1 ). The standard Avrami equation was adopted to represent the softening mechanism attributed to dynamic recrystallization (DRX) at low strain rates ( −1 ). Additionally, the material constants were determined by optimization strategy, which is a new method to solve the nonlinear constitutive equation. The stress—strain curves predicted by the developed constitutive model agree well with the experimental results, which confirms that the developed constitutive model can give an accurate estimate of the flow stress of Ti2448 titanium alloy and provide an effective method to model the flow behavior of metastable β titanium alloys during hot deformation.