Application of Ester Fluids with Aramid Insulation in Distribution Transformers

The article discusses the use of aramid based insulation papers in distribution transformers filled with ester fluids. Ester fluids are typically used for improved fire safety or environmental aspects. The article analyses design solutions which can bring additional technical and economic benefits by proper combination of the available advanced insulation materials.  ester fluids; synthetic esters; natural esters; aramid insulation; aramid enhanced cellulose paper; design optimization; material compatibility; laboratory testing