Consonant shifts in Mon-Khmer initial stops

At least three types of consonant shifts involving initial stops are attested in Mon-Khmer: (i) a “Germanic” type, encountered in Phay, Samre and Khasi, where p, t and k change to pʰ, tʰ and kʰ while b, d and g change to p, t and k; (ii) a specifically “Mon-Khmer” type, where the confusion of p, t and k with b, d and g results in a two-way split of the vowel system (doubling the number of vowel qualities); and (iii) a “Far Eastern” type, where the same confusion results in a two-way split of the tone system. [This is a translation of: “Les mutations consonantiques des occlusives initiales en mon-khmer”. Bulletin de la Societe de Linguistique de Paris 60 (1): 160–172 (1965).]