Hydrogeochemistry Characteristics in Kampong Salang, Tioman Island, Pahang, Malaysia

The constituents of major ions of groundwater samples has been used to identify the chemical characteristics and the type of groundwater in the low lying area in Kampong Salang located at north-west of Tioman Island in Pahang state. This study aimed to identify the groundwater quality with some geochemical process and to understand groundwater characteristics in the low-lying aquifer of the study area. From that, fourty two (42) groundwater samples were collected and analysed for various parameters. Physical and chemical parameters of groundwater such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca, Na, Mg, K, HCO3, Cl, SO4, NO3, CO3, were determined. TDS did not exceed 1,000 mg/l with a maximum of 359 mg/l for sampling activities. Generally, groundwater in the study area is fresh, based on the analytical results. Hydrochemical facies of groundwater in the study area are dominated by Ca-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type. A software known as PHREEQC was used to calculate the saturation indices for the main mineral phases with respect to carbonate and sulphate minerals. Most of the minerals were saturated to undersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals and undersaturated with respect to sulphate minerals composition. Maximum ionic strength in the study area is 0.009 which was found 90 m from the sea. Mostly minerals from calcite and dolomite precipitation are from bedrock of pyroxene hornfel.