Low-drive voltage LiNbO3 electro-optic modulator for 2.5 Gbit/s and beyond B-ISDN application

We report the demonstration of a very low drive voltage (V (pi )) equals 1.7 V) LiNbO 3 electro-optic modulator suitable for 2.5 Gbit/s and 5 Gbit/s digital transmission applications. This modulator has the lowest reported voltage and length product of 3.5 V/cm and a 3 dB electrical bandwidth of DC to 2.5 GHz.