Efficacy and safety of DSA-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy for venous malformations of penile region in children

Abstract Objective To describe the effectiveness and security of DSA-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy for venous malformations of penile region in children. Methods A total of 9 cases children with penile venous malformations treated by DSA-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy from January 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled in this study. Local angiography was performed under DSA fluoroscopy, and the shape, extent and venous drainage of the tumor nest were judged. Then sclerosing agents (Pingyangmycin and Polidocanol) were selected according to the flow rate of angiography and treated by percutaneous injection under DSA monitoring. Imaging examination (MRI) were performed to evaluate clinical improvement. Results A total of 26 interventional sclerotherapy sessions were performed in 9 children, with an average of (2.3 ± 0.5) sessions per case. After a mean follow-up of 7.3 months, 6 cases were cured, and 3 cases were in basic remission. There were 9 cases of temporary edema secondary to the treatment site and 3 cases of mild pain. No serious complications such as ulceration, hemorrhage, infection and dysfunction occurred in any patients. Conclusion DSA-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy for venous malformations of penile region in children is safe and effective, does not affect the appearance and function of penis, and is worthy of clinical promotion. Type of study Treatment Study. Level of evidence Level IV, Case series with no comparison group.