Equipment, method and films for detecting contents of to-be-detected substances in samples

The invention provides equipment, a method and films for detecting the contents of to-be-detected substances in samples. The equipment comprises a gating film and a signal molecule detecting device. The gating film is set in such a manner that signal molecules can flow through the gating film; the signal molecule detecting device is set in such a manner that the signal molecule detecting device is applicable to detecting the quantities of the signal molecules which flow through the gating film, the gating film comprises a substrate and receptors, the substrate is provided with signal molecule channels, and the signal molecules can flow through the signal molecule channels; the receptors are formed on the surface of the substrate, the to-be-detected substances can be specifically identified by the receptors, and the receptors and the to-be-detected substances can be combined with one another, so that the through rate of the signal molecules which flow through the gating film can be changed. The equipment, the method and the films have the advantages that the to-be-detected substances do not need to be combined with signal molecule monitoring devices, and accordingly the detection reliability can be prevented from being affected by deterioration of the electric conductivity due to combination of the to-be-detected substances and the signal molecule monitoring devices and active sites or surfaces occupied by the to-be-detected substances.