통일신라와 나말려초기 지옥관념의 전개

The idea of ‘Hell’ is a way of thinking that man will be judged by what he has done during his life time, and be punished for his sin. It has its origin in man’s desire to recover the incompleteness of this world in afterlife, but it has political and social character as it had developed. The idea of ‘Hell’ has positive effect to help the individual to have ethical self-consciousness by self-reflection. The thought of ‘hell’ in Buddhism has developed on the base of retribution and transmigrationism, The idea of ‘Hell’ was introduced in the early Sutras, and was spread through these Sutras as Buddhism was induced in East Asia. But the commons could access the idea of ‘Hell’ by the folk lore, folk painting, courtesy, not by the Sutras which the commons could not understand. So The idea of ‘Hell’ of Buddhism had filtered into the life of the ordinary people. Buddhism was accepted by the public in the period of Silla Dynasty, The idea of ‘Hell’ had affected the ordinary people, We can figure out the situation by the existence of story of hell which had transformed Chinese story of hell. But It seems to have a limitation in spread of the idea of ‘Hell’, because of Korean traditional idea of the next world and ignorance of gentility. Then, During the political chaos between Silla and Goryeo, people had compared the reality with the hell, this made the people have concrete idea of hell, and in Koryo Buddhism had strong effect to the daily life. As a result, The idea of ‘Hell’ had influenced on people’s way of thinking and life style.