Sex and gender differences in cardiovascular medicine

: Obvious gender differences exist in the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerotic disease such as coronary artery disease and stroke are more prevalent in men, but some types of arrhythmia such as long QT syndrome are more prevalent in women. Genetic differences and sex hormones may play a role. Particularly, estrogen can exert protective effects against the cardiovascular and metabolic system. Gender differences in life style and sociomedical behavior may play some role.