Effects of Telephone-assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on the Sex Disparity in Provision of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Public Locations.

Abstract Purpose Telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (TA-CPR) is an effective community intervention to increase bystander CPR rates. This study evaluated the effect of TA-CPR on the provision of bystander CPR as a function of the patient’s sex. Methods Adult (aged ≥ 18 years) patients who collapsed in a public location between January 2013 and December 2017 and received emergency medical service (EMS) treatment for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) of presumed cardiac aetiology were included in the study. The main exposures were TA-CPR and the patients’ sex. The primary outcome was the implementation of bystander CPR by laypersons. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted, stratified based on the provision of TA-CPR, to examine the effect on bystander CPR according to patient sex. Results In the final analysis, 15,840 patients with OHCAs were included. Patients who received TA-CPR accounted for 32.6% (5167/15840) of the sample. Overall, 84.4% (814/964) of the women and 86.9% (3653/4203) of the men received bystander CPR in the TA-CPR group (P  Conclusions TA-CPR attenuated the sex disparity in bystander CPR provided in public places.